Experimental Investigation of UHPFRC Cube

Experimental Investigation

The present paper focuses on compressive strength of Ultra High Experimental Investigation Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) cube and cylinder under compression testing machine, the experimental determination of test results shows +5% variation in compressive strength, differs from normal concrete +20% the ascending in strength development at an increased Experimental Investigation age under an elevated temperature of the material is identified with addition of hooked end steel fiber. In this study, the optimized mix design developed and the conversion ratios determined to develop relationship between cube and cylinder. The comparison between mean compressive strength ratio for cube and cylinder has been presented to determine high compressive strength. The research work is carried out to achieve enhanced target compressive strength 180 N/mm2.

The UHPFRC is cement based composite material. The steel fibers are added to decrease the brittleness and increase compressive strength, the energy absorption capacity of the material increased by use of densified materials and special treatment, such as heat curing, pressure and extensive vibration, the structural geometry of hooked end steel fibers optimizing the matrix fiber interface properties and enhance the more compressive strength. Generally there are two types of test methods the cube and cylinder compression tests. In general cube compressive test is very common in Asian countries and cylinder test method in European countries in practice. The conventional concrete compressive strength of cube specimen is 20% higher than the cylindrical one. In UHPFRC the existence of steel fiber and exposure to temperature enhances the strength variation in ±5% in cube and cylinder ratio. During the past 30 years the use of steel fiber reinforcement in concrete has taken places a considerable development to achieve higher compressive strengths to carry heavier loads throughout the life of the structure, suitable for adverse environmental conditions, aesthetic requirements and architectural appearance is most required in construction sector. Structural safety and suitability of the structure is the global challenge in present day and increased continuous terrorist attack, with bullet impact velocity 800 m/sec, earthquake tremor on rector scale 9.0 and Tsunami wind velocity 240 km/hr to resist impacts a very high compressive strength, energy absorption capacity of concrete is necessary to minimize the loss of human life, valuable assets and structural failure. The researcher Yudenfreund et al. (1972) [1] investigated the high strength cement pastes with low w/c ratio ranges (0.20 – 0.30) and low porosity yielded high compressive strengths. Williamson (1974) [2] reported marginal change in compressive strength by use of steel fibers. Birchali et al. (1981) [3] achieved higher compressive strength of cement pastes, exceeding 200 Mpa by special material preparation. Fanella and Naaman (1985) [4] showed increased stress strain curve by addition of steel fibers in concrete in compression increased strain rate at peak stress, energy absorbing capacity and increment in toughness. Bache (1987) [5] developed a densified small particles (DSP) concept for densely compacted granular matrix approach by use of silica fume and super plasticizer based on the water solubility theory of polymers and fine particles mainly consists of silica to improve rheological properties of cement mixture with low water cement ratio. D. M. Roy (1992) [6] introduced Chemically Bonded Ceramics (CBC) a new class of cement based materials the chemical nature of the involvement of bond structure sub divided into two categories like DSP and MDF. Richard and Cheyrezy (1995) developed RPC (Refractive product concrete) enhancing compressive strengths by optimizing the granular particle mixture of cementitious Material PPD (Particle packing density). Collerpardi et al. (1998) [7] compared the RPC with the modified RPC and obtained the better results in strength, low porosity permeability and shrinkage, under steam curing, Jianxin Ma and Jorg Dietz (2002) [8] investigated the several properties of UHPC (Ultra high performance concrete) on work ability flow tests with percentage of admixture dosage to self compacting concrete and optimum 2% of powder mass to reduce air content for workable concrete. Resplendino. J. (2004) [9] observed UHPC with post peak stress response depends on alignment of fibers mixing placing, and compacting methodology the closer fiber accumulation at particular part due to gravitational orientation of steel fibers effect the compressive and tensile strength. Habel K. Denarie and Bruhwiler (2006) [10] adopted the probable possibilities usage of UHPFRC in rehabilitation of structural members time dependent based on the durability and proposed a numerical model and compared with the conventional concrete. Benjamin Graybeal and marshall Davis (2008) [11] investigated the UHPFRC alternative methods to compute compressive strengths of cube and cylinder ranging 100 – 200 N/mm2 and durability properties. Shihada S. and Arafa A. (2010) [12] studied the material properties in Gaza strip with addition of special materials, silica fume, quartz powder uniform mixing methodology to increase the dry density of UHPFRC optimum use of silica fume up to 15% mass of cement. Yang, Joh, and Kim (2011) [13] investigated in UHPFRC beams use of steel fibers 2% with replacement of coarse aggregates the behavior of compressive, flexural failure deflection and initial cracking pattern measured. Barris et al. (2012) [14] studied performance of the concrete on different steel fibers based on orientation, content, material type and length. Ghafari E. et al. (2015) [15] based on statically mixture design (SMD) reported that the compressive strength is increased with higher dosage of micro silica by 1% – 5% by weight of cement. The mix design shows enormous improvements in material properties. Rong et al. (2015) [16] observed that addition of nanosilica reduces the corrosion rate of steel. and reduction in capillary porosity the improved mechanical properties shows 0% – 15% in compressive strength, 0% – 2% in flexural strength and 0% – 2.5% in splitting tensile strength, forming a denser, hardened cement material to carry heavier loads. Yuliarti Kusumawardaningsiha et al. [17] studied the compressive strength of UHPC and UHPFRC using cylinder and cube specimens and to determine its converting factors (ratio). The results show that the compressive strength relationships between specimens differ from those of conventional concrete. Hemraj R. Kumavat, Vikram J. Patel [18] experimental work carried out to investigate addition different size of aggregate and w/c ratio on the mechanical properties standard size of cube and cylinder. R. Yu. P Spiesz H.J.H. Brouwers (2014) [19] developed densely compacted concrete mix design based on Andersen and Andersen packing model with addition of steel fiber 1% – 2% by volume of concrete Kazemi and Lubell (2012) [20] observed that cube specimens exhibited higher compressive strength compared with cylinder specimens H. M. Al-Hassani et al. (2014) [21] indicated increasing the volume fraction of steel fibers from 0% to 1.0%, 2.0%, and 3.0% the cube compressive strength was increased by 3.72%, 8.36%, and 8.89% respectively, while the cylinder compressive strength was increased by 6.36%, 9.9%, and 11.54% respectively by Sudarshan N. M. and T. Chandrashekar Rao (2015) [22] .

From the literature survey it is clear that many researchers has done work only on variation in composition for the mix design. The high Compressive strength determination and development a great challenge in limited testing capability and availability of surface area preparation. The conversion factor is prime important to determine accurate compressive strength of the concrete in relationship with cube and cylinder to improve performance of the structure, safety and stability point of view. The Maintenance cost can be reduced. Here in this research work optimized the mix design developed for water binder ratio (w/b = 0.18) and cube, cylinder compressive tests conducted and compressive strengths determined for various days and In comparison of compressive strengths and mean conversion ratios ranges 0.98 – 1.05 for cube and cylinder in relationship to determine accurate compressive strength presented. The time and testing cost saving is beneficial in construction sector.