The disorders caused by the swelling of the soil on the structures have been observed for several years in the city of Rufisque. This article presents the results of the study of swelling kinetics of expansive soils in Rufisque and their prediction based on the hyperbolic rule. The odometer is used as an instrument for Expansive Soils measuring swelling and the tests are carried out on some intact samples at their sampling water content. The present study shows that in Rufisque the most swelling layer is marl. The results show two phases of development. The first phase is very fast and represents 77% of the final deformation and the second one is slower. The prediction of the issue by the hyperbolic rule shows that it underestimates the first phase but gives a good prediction of the second phase of the swelling rate. There is a good correlation between the final swelling rates. However, the model gives a bad approximation of the half-swelling time.

The swelling of natural soils is specific to materials containing clayey minerals capable of interacting with water. These soils shrink and expand depending on their water content and environmental factors. These volume variations result in changes in the physical characteristics of the soil and in disturbances which are sometimes responsible for serious damage. The expansive soils are located in geographical areas which show large seasonal moisture deficits, where evapo- transpiration superior to precipitations favors their formation. They have been described in Central Europe, Australia, Asia, the southern United States, and in African countries of the tropical belt. The damages caused by this phenomenon are estimated in the United States at $2.3 billion in 1973 and then from $7 billion to $9 billion in 1986 and they exceed all natural risks [1] . In France, the amount of the compensations paid between 1990 to 2003 and 2008 was estimated at around 3.3 billion Euros, making it the second largest cause of compensation for natural disasters after floods [2] . In Senegal, the extent of damages caused by these soils to buildings in the town of Rufisque is such that more than 30% of the villas built by SIPRES have been submitted to underpinning work. Some villas have even been declared disaster-stricken because of their extremely advanced degradation status [3] .

In the city of Rufisque, the disorders caused by the swelling of soils on light buildings have been observed for several years. Around the 1980s, following an expertise of the degraded buildings, it was realized that they were swelling soils. Since 1983, these expansive soils have been the subject of many researches. Authors such as [4] [5] [6] [7] confirmed the expansive nature of Rufisque soils. These works made possible to identify the real causes of the premature degradation of structures in this city and to define constructive preventive measures.

The original swelling mechanisms of soils have been widely studied, but it is still difficult to establish a relationship between the progression of the issue and the time. Indeed, the changes caused by the swelling of expansive soils are the result of a long process, involving the chemical, mineralogical proprieties and water. It often takes 5 to 10 years to see stabilized movements in the center of a building [8] . This slowness makes it sometimes difficult to follow the movement due to the swelling until stabilization. This generally leads to an underestimation of the swelling capacity of soils. For example, in Senegal, as in many countries, the swelling is considered stable after 24 hours of immersion.

The study of the kinetics of swelling arouses many interests [9] [10] [11] . It makes it possible to predict or to check the deformations induced by the swelling over time in order to take them into account in the measurement of the structures or to consider a better stabilization technique. However, while it is easy to identify the swelling phenomenon, its quantification as function of the time remains delicate because of its long-term behavior, where the importance of establishing a model to simulate the activity of the clays and to predict this phenomenon endlessly.

The objective of this article is to study the swelling kinetics of the expansive soils of Rufisque and to predict their behavior based on the hyperbolic rule.